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LINKS 49

ABA INGLÊS 49

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Friday Message
11/3/2016

Hello!

I hope you are enjoying your Friday!

I’m sure you are because there is nothing better than learning something new, especially on a Friday when you have the whole weekend to practise what you have learnt!

Today we’re going to look at a very important aspect of English grammar: articles.

We have two types of articles in English: the definite article “the” and the indefinite articles “a” and “an”.
Em inglês existem dois tipos de artigo: o artigo definido "the" e os artigos indefinidos "a" e "an".

By using the definite article “the”, we assume that the listener understands or knows what or whom we are referring to when speaking. It also refers to specific nouns.
Ao usar o artigo definido “the” assumimos que o interlocutor sabe a que ou quem estamos nos referindo. Também se refere a substantivos específicos.

The boy next door is good at football. (We presume that the listener knows there is a boy living next door)
O garoto que mora ao lado é bom no futebol. (Estamos supondo que nosso interlocutor sabe que há um garoto que mora na casa ao lado)

The moon is so beautiful. (There is only one moon)
A lua está tão bela (Só há uma lua)

The French president is in Australia at the moment. (There is only one president per country)
O presidente francês está atualmente na Austrália. (Cada país tem um só presidente)

“The” is also used for:

* Countries which are formed of states or other divisions or with words like “kingdom” or “republic” and groups of islands, for example, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, the United States, the Republic of South Africa and the Bahamas

* Famous landmarks (lugares emblemáticos), for example, the Statue of Liberty and the Eiffel Tower.

* Geographical features (acidentes geográficos) such as rivers, seas and mountain ranges (cadeias montanhosas), for example, the (river) Thames, the Mediterranean (sea) and the Alps.

We use “a” before a word that starts with aconsonant. We use it when we don't specify the things or people we are talking about.
Colocamos “a” antes das palavras que começam com umaconsoante. Se usa quando não especificamos a coisa ou pessoa da qual estamos falando.

Here are some examples:

My brother wants to buy a car.
Meu irmão quer comprar um carro.

A friend of mine called this morning.
Um amigo meu ligou esta manhã.

After lunch we went to watch a movie.
Depois de almoçar, fomos ver um filme.

We use “an” before a word that starts with a vowel(uma vogal).

She is an accountant.
Ela é contadora.

I’m hungry. Can I have an orange please?
Estou com fome. Posso comer uma laranja, por favor?

James needs to buy an umbrella. It has rained a lot recently.
O James precisa comprar um guarda-chuva. Tem chovido muito ultimamente.

Note that when referring to general things, we don’t put an article, for example,

I love chocolate. (NOT “the chocolate”)
Adoro chocolate.

His favourite music is classical music. (NOT “the classical music”)
Sua música preferida é a música clássica.

I hope this has been informative for you! Please learn more by checking out unit 4 of the ABA online course.

Have a great weekend!

Take care,

Priscilla
ABA English Teacher

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Unit 01
Pronouns

Unit 02
The verb to have

Unit 03
Modal verbs

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ABA INGLÊS 48

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Friday Message
5/3/2016

Hello again!

I hope you are well today.

How about learning something new in English today? Let’s get to it then!

The verb “to have” is one of the most important verbs in the English language. It can be used both as a main verb and an auxiliary verb. Today we are going to look at the affirmative form of the “to have” as a main verb in the present simple.

The verb “to have” expresses possession of objects, characteristics and relationships. It may also be used to express an action, especially when eating, drinking or consuming something. Look at some examples:
O verbo “to have” expressa a posse de coisas, as caraterísticas e as relações. Também pode usar-se para expressar uma ação, especialmente na hora de comer, beber ou consumir algo. Confira estes exemplos:

- I always have a shower before I have breakfast.
Sempre tomo banho antes de tomar o café da manhã.

- He always has coffee and toast in the morning before work.
Ele sempre toma café e torradas de manhã antes de ir trabalhar.

Take a look at this short paragraph about John and Mary’s life to see how “to have” is used:

John and Mary have a big house by the sea. Theyhave a dog named Jack and he has blue eyes and grey fur. Every morning John and Mary have breakfast out on their terrace overlooking the sea. They love having barbecues on the beach. Theyhave great weather all year round so it’s not a problem. They both have good jobs which is why they can afford to have such a luxurious life. John and Mary have everything they need to be happy.
O John e a Mary têm uma casa grande perto do mar. Eles têm um cão que se chama Jack e tem os olhos azuis e o pelo cinza. Todas as manhãs, o John e a Mary tomam o café da manhã no seu terraço com vista para o mar. Eles adoram fazer churrascos na praia. Têm um clima excelente todo o ano, por isso não têm problema com isso. Ambos têm bons empregos e é por isso que se podem permitir ter uma vida tão luxuosa. O John e a Mary têm tudo o que precisam para serem felizes.

• Remember that the third person form of “to have” is “has.”

• Remember that “to have” is more common inAmerican English to talk about possession and “have got” is more common in British English.

I hope this has been helpful! For more on the affirmative of “to have”, please check out unit 25 of the ABA online course.

Have a great weekend!

Bye!